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VNTChain入门指南2——本地网络搭建

2021年12月14日 212条评论 1.53k次阅读 1人点赞 lemon

Introduction

Environment

  • Docker and bottle v0.6.1

  • go v1.10(maybe not required)

  • Node.js v8.11.2

  • Vnt.js && Vnt-kit.js

  • gvnt

    You can install them through 'vnt-full-install-guide.md' file.

Say before

This document mainly help developers use VNTChain to start local testnet, develop a DAPP with VNTChain (including create build deploy smart contract and interact with smart contract or VNTChain net).

Why not use official guide directly?

There is long time since it updated last time.Some steps and some way don't work.

I am GenjiLemon.GiitHub:https://github.com/GenjiLemon. Email:lemonfay{AT}qq.com.You have to keep origin URL of this blog if reprint.

Local Start VNTChain

In this section, we will boot local testnet with 2 nodes.One bootnode and one witness node.Most steps are same to official document

Preparation

Firstly, enter the root folder of testnet.

cd ~/project/vntchain/testnet

Create two accounts

  1. create first node(node0).

    gvnt account new --datadir node0

        parameter datadir is for node folder. Here is node0

        After that you have to enter password of this account.

        Then record the address in the last line.

 gvnt account new --datadir node0                          
INFO [12-23|16:35:46] Maximum peer count                       VNT=25 LES=0 total=25
Your new account is locked with a password. Please give a password. Do not forget this password.
Passphrase: 
Repeat passphrase: 
Address: {fbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731}

   2.create the second node(node1).

        gvnt account new --datadir node1

        Similar to the node0. Please record the address and password of account node1

   3. verify

        Use tree command to show the structure of testnet

tree .

├── node0
│   └── keystore
│       └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-36-07.885563339Z--fbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
└── node1
    └── keystore
        └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-39-59.930865848Z--ea95ebba96a780afe7a59aa5b40af6efd4f95fe9

4 directories, 2 files

You can also get address of account through its file name.

Generate p2p address

Now you are in testnet root folder.

  1. Start the console of node0

    gvnt --datadir node0 --port 13000 console

    You can point port of this node after parameter port .Here is 13000

    You can see many output lines . Then you will enter console mode.

    Welcome to the Gvnt JavaScript console!

instance: Gvnt/v0.6.4/linux-amd64/go1.10
INFO [12-23|16:59:08] Coinbase automatically configured        address=0xfBb316dB66F6945aDDf00Bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
coinbase: 0xfbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
at block: 0 (Mon, 01 Jul 2019 00:00:00 CST)
datadir: /home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0
modules: admin:1.0 bp:1.0 core:1.0 debug:1.0 dpos:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 shh:1.0 txpool:1.0 vnt:1.0

>

  2. Get p2p address

    Run command in the console.

    admin.nodeInfo.vnode

> admin.nodeInfo.vnode
"/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13000/ipfs/1kHmSh19bjN6hV5vLouyxh23HvEBdqFKfQntm1nT4ojzsTu"

Please record the p2p address of node0

Then use ctrl + d to exit the console.You will get many output too.

  1. Again with node1

    record the p2p address of node1

    gvnt --datadir node1 --port 13001 console

admin.nodeInfo.vnode

    4. clear temp data

        WARNING:

        rm -rf node0/gvnt

        rm -rf node1/gvnt

    5. verify

        Use treecommand to see structure.

.
├── node0
│   ├── history
│   ├── keystore
│   │   └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-36-07.885563339Z--fbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
│   └── vntdb
│       ├── 000001.log
│       ├── CURRENT
│       ├── LOCK
│       ├── LOG
│       └── MANIFEST-000000
└── node1
    ├── history
    ├── keystore
    │   └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-39-59.930865848Z--ea95ebba96a780afe7a59aa5b40af6efd4f95fe9
    └── vntdb
        ├── 000001.log
        ├── CURRENT
        ├── LOCK
        ├── LOG
        └── MANIFEST-000000

6 directories, 14 files 

Create genesis file

This file helps to init each node in our testnet.

Now you are in testnet root path.

  1. Create file and enter

touch dpos.json && vi dpos.json

  1. Paste content template and edit

    Sample dpos.json

You can only change witnessesNum , witnessesUrl in config.dpos section and witnesses .

witnessesNum: number of witnesses in testnet

witnessesUrl: list of p2p address of witnesses nodes

witnesses: list of account address of witenesses nodes

Tips:the account address should start with 0x. So you have to add 0x before that you record in section [Create two accounts]

If you want to get Some vnt in the beginning ,please change 'alloc' section.This is for initial account balance.

Here I study from etuereum. Here is link)

{
  "config": {
    "chainId": 1012,
    "dpos": {
      "period": 2,
      "witnessesNum": 2,
      "witnessesUrl": [
        "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13000/ipfs/1kHZgoYyHwFENLb8xQwtodGbtYWb785RhiMhBqo9E782ike",
        "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13001/ipfs/1kHkQLL9xByQVDqubv61K3GjM8k9ntx2XnNu7byWpCNt2YV"
      ]
    }
  },
  "nonce": "0x0",
  "timestamp": "0x5b45b949",
  "extraData": "0x",
  "gasLimit": "0x47b760",
  "difficulty": "0x1",
  "mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "alloc": {
    "0xfbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731": {
      "balance": "0x200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
    },
    "0xea95ebba96a780afe7a59aa5b40af6efd4f95fe9": {
      "balance": "0x200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
    }
  },
  "witnesses": [
    "0xfbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731",
    "0xea95ebba96a780afe7a59aa5b40af6efd4f95fe9"
  ],
  "number": "0x0",
  "gasUsed": "0x0",
  "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
}

  1. save and exit

    First press ESC and then enter ':wq' and press ENTER

    Init Testnet

    Now you are in testnet root path and your folder structure looks like this.

    tree .

.
├── dpos.json
├── node0
│   ├── history
│   ├── keystore
│   │   └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-36-07.885563339Z--fbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
│   └── vntdb
│       ├── 000001.log
│       ├── CURRENT
│       ├── LOCK
│       ├── LOG
│       └── MANIFEST-000000
└── node1
   ├── history
   ├── keystore
   │   └── UTC--2021-12-23T08-39-59.930865848Z--ea95ebba96a780afe7a59aa5b40af6efd4f95fe9
   └── vntdb
       ├── 000001.log
       ├── CURRENT
       ├── LOCK
       ├── LOG
       └── MANIFEST-000000

6 directories, 15 files

    1. init node0

      gvnt init dpos.json --datadir node0

      You may get the following output.

      INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Maximum peer count                       VNT=25 LES=0 total=25
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0/gvnt/chaindata cache=16 handles=16
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Writing custom genesis block 
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=9 size=1.44kB time=90.82µs gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=chaindata                                                 hash=276e07…fe0323
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0/gvnt/lightchaindata cache=16 handles=16
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Writing custom genesis block 
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=9 size=1.44kB time=117.686µs gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
INFO [12-24|17:18:55] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=lightchaindata                                                 hash=276e07…fe0323

      If you failed with Fatal: invalid genesis file: json,please check yourdpos.json.

      Specially if you get Fatal: invalid genesis file: json: cannot unmarshal hex string without 0x prefix into Go struct field Genesis.witnesses of type common.Address , please add 0x before address of accounts.

    2. init node1

                gvnt init dpos.json --datadir node1

                Similar output to the above.

Boot Testnet

We have to select one node as bootnode.Now we choose node0.

Now you are in testnet root folder.

  1. start bootnode

    gvnt --networkid 1012 --datadir node0 --port 13000 console

    You have to attention paramter datadir and port, if you set others yourself.

Then you will see some output like the following.And You will enter an console environment.

If you want to start with rpc module ,you have to start like this:

gvnt --networkid 1012 --datadir node0 --port 13000 --rpc --rpcapi="db,eth,net,web3,personal,core"   --rpcport "8545" --rpcaddr "0.0.0.0" --rpccorsdomain "*" console

Remember do this when booting local testnet ,if you want to develope DAPP with local testnet rather than Hubble VNT Testnet.

In the sample , your rpc port will be 8545,and you will connect with local through '127.0.0.1:8545'.

Tip:You don't have to start other nodes in this way. Normal is ok. 

INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Maximum peer count                       VNT=25 LES=0 total=25
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Gvnt/v0.6.4/linux-amd64/go1.10
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0/gvnt/chaindata cache=768 handles=512
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 1012 Hubble: <nil> Engine: dpos}"
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Initialising VNT protocol                versions="[63 62]" network=1012
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
WARN [12-27|14:14:22] There is no witness candidates. If you want to be a witness, please register now. 
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] test                                     services kind=*vnt.VNT
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] test                                     services kind=*whisperv6.Whisper
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] ConstructDHT                             addr=/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13000/ipfs/1kHZgoYyHwFENLb8xQwtodGbtYWb785RhiMhBqo9E782ike
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] started whisper v.6.0 
INFO [12-27|14:14:22] IPC endpoint opened                      url=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0/gvnt.ipc
Welcome to the Gvnt JavaScript console!

instance: Gvnt/v0.6.4/linux-amd64/go1.10
INFO [12-27|14:14:23] Coinbase automatically configured        address=0xfBb316dB66F6945aDDf00Bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
coinbase: 0xfbb316db66f6945addf00bc059a3f3dc5c4d8731
at block: 0 (Wed, 11 Jul 2018 16:01:13 CST)
 datadir: /home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node0
 modules: admin:1.0 bp:1.0 core:1.0 debug:1.0 dpos:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 shh:1.0 txpool:1.0 vnt:1.0

Don't close or stop this terminal.We have to keep it running in the whole testnet life

  1. start other nodes.

    Now we have only two node, there is only one witeness we have to start.

    Start new terminal for each node.

    gvnt --networkid 1012 --datadir node1 --port 13001 --vntbootnode "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13000/ipfs/1kHZgoYyHwFENLb8xQwtodGbtYWb785RhiMhBqo9E782ike" console

You have to change value of --vntbootnode .It is p2paddress of vntbootnode you start in step One.

If you set other folder and port of node, please remember change revelant value.

You will see many output like the following and then enter the console environment.

INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Maximum peer count                       VNT=25 LES=0 total=25
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Gvnt/v0.6.4/linux-amd64/go1.10
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node1/gvnt/chaindata cache=768 handles=512
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 1012 Hubble: <nil> Engine: dpos}"
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Initialising VNT protocol                versions="[63 62]" network=1012
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=276e07…fe0323 td=1
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Loaded local transaction journal         transactions=0 dropped=0
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
WARN [12-27|14:21:42] There is no witness candidates. If you want to be a witness, please register now. 
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] test                                     services kind=*vnt.VNT
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] test                                     services kind=*whisperv6.Whisper
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] ConstructDHT                             addr=/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/13001/ipfs/1kHkQLL9xByQVDqubv61K3GjM8k9ntx2XnNu7byWpCNt2YV
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] started whisper v.6.0 
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] IPC endpoint opened                      url=/home/lemon/project/vntchain/testnet/node1/gvnt.ipc
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Send message                             type=0
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] vnt protocol handshake                   going to send handshake msg to="<peer.ID 1kHZgoYyHwFENLb8xQwtodGbtYWb785RhiMhBqo9E782ike>" ProtocolVersion=62
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Send message                             type=0

Meanwhile you will see the bootnode console print some info like:

 INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Send message                             type=0
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] vnt protocol handshake                   going to send handshake msg to="<peer.ID 1kHkQLL9xByQVDqubv61K3GjM8k9ntx2XnNu7byWpCNt2YV>" ProtocolVersion=62
INFO [12-27|14:21:42] Send message                             type=0

  1. Check status

    We now start a testnet which contains 2 witeness node.

    We use admin.peersto check status of other nodes.

    Node0 console:

> admin.peers
[{
    caps: null,
    id: "<peer.ID 1kHkQLL9xByQVDqubv61K3GjM8k9ntx2XnNu7byWpCNt2YV>",
    name: "",
    network: {
      inbound: false,
      localAddress: "/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/13000",
      remoteAddress: "/ip4/192.168.20.176/tcp/13001",
      static: false,
      trusted: false
    },
    protocols: null
}]

Node1 console

> admin.peers
[{
    caps: null,
    id: "<peer.ID 1kHZgoYyHwFENLb8xQwtodGbtYWb785RhiMhBqo9E782ike>",
    name: "",
    network: {
      inbound: false,
      localAddress: "/ip4/192.168.20.176/tcp/13001",
      remoteAddress: "/ip4/192.168.20.176/tcp/13000",
      static: false,
      trusted: false
    },
    protocols: null
}]

  1. Start testnet

    We have to unlock account of each node .Then start the consensus.

    command:personal.unlockAccount(core.coinbase, "password", 3153600000)

    The second argument is pssword of your account in this node.

    The third argument is time of unlock .In this seconds ,account wil be locked again.

    Node0 console:

    > personal.unlockAccount(core.coinbase, "password0", 3153600000)
true
> bp.start()

    Node1 console

personal.unlockAccount(core.coinbase, "password1", 3153600000)
true
bp.start()

Then there will always be many new output.You can get block number by vnt.core.blockNumber

> vnt.core.blockNumber
318

Maybe every two seconds there will be a new block.

Each time you can only start the net following steps in this section. That is "Boot Testnet" .Or you can make a script for start in the background

Rest of content is in next blog.

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最后编辑：2022年1月10日

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